Skin Cancer 101: Signs, Risks, and Prevention

Did you know that skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in the United States? It's a startling fact but one that affects millions of Americans each year. According to the Skin Cancer Foundation, one in five Americans will develop skin cancer by the age of 70, and more than two people die of skin cancer in the U.S. every hour. 

These numbers might seem overwhelming, but there's good news: skin cancer is also one of the most preventable forms of cancer. In fact, the five-year survival rate for melanoma is 99% when detected early. By understanding the causes, risks, and signs of skin cancer, you can take proactive steps to protect yourself and your loved ones. Whether you live on the beach or prefer the shade, the information in this article is important for everyone. 

Read on to discover everything you need to know about lowering your risk of skin cancer and keeping your skin healthy from the top dermatology group in Bend, OR.

Understanding Skin Cancer: Types and Risk Factors

Skin cancer is typically categorized into three main types: basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas are the most common and are often found in sun-exposed areas of the body. They're usually treatable when caught early. Melanoma, while less common, is more dangerous because it can spread quickly to other parts of the body — however, it is still 99% treatable when caught early. 

There are several factors that can increase your risk of developing skin cancer — including:

• Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays, whether from the sun or tanning beds
• Having fair skin, light hair, and light eyes
• A family history of skin cancer 
• Having several moles, a weakened immune system, or a history of severe sunburns 

Recognizing the Signs and Symptoms of Skin Cancer

Skin cancer often appears as changes in your skin, such as new growths or changes in existing moles. Common signs include sores that don't heal, redness or swelling beyond the border of a mole, itchiness, tenderness, or pain in a skin area, and changes in the surface of a mole such as scaliness, oozing, or bleeding. For melanoma specifically, doctors use the ABCDE rule to help people identify suspicious moles:

• Asymmetry: One half doesn't match the other half
• Border: Edges are irregular, ragged, or blurred
• Color: The color isn't consistent and may include shades of brown, black, or tan
• Diameter: Typically larger than the size of a pencil eraser
• Evolving: The mole changes in size, shape, or color over time

Regular self-examinations of your skin, combined with annual check-ups by a dermatology expert, can help catch skin cancer early when it's most treatable. Recognizing the signs and symptoms of skin cancer is essential for early detection and successful treatment. 

Skin Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Options

When a suspicious spot is found, the diagnostic process typically begins with a thorough skin examination with a special magnifying lens called a dermatoscope. If a spot looks concerning under the magnifying lens, the next step is usually a skin biopsy — where a small sample of skin is removed and examined under a microscope to check for cancer cells. 

If diagnosed, treatment options vary depending on the type, size, and location of the cancer cells. The most common treatment is surgical removal of the cancerous tissue. This might involve a simple excision or a more specialized technique like Mohs surgery, which removes the cancer layer by layer to preserve healthy tissue. 

For some cases, especially if surgery isn't an option, radiation treatments may be recommended to kill cancer cells. Topical medications, like creams containing chemotherapy drugs, can also be effective for certain types of skin cancer, particularly in the early stages. In more advanced cases, especially for melanoma, treatments might include immunotherapy or targeted chemotherapy medications. The good news is that most skin cancers when caught early, have a high cure rate with proper treatment.

What Can I Do to Prevent Skin Cancer? 

Preventing skin cancer largely includes protecting your skin from harmful UV rays. The most crucial step is to avoid tanning beds and consistently use a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30, applied generously and reapplied every two hours or after swimming or sweating. However, sometimes sunscreen alone isn't enough. Seeking shade, especially during the sun's peak hours, and wearing protective clothing like wide-brimmed hats, long-sleeved shirts, and sunglasses with UV protection are also great ways to protect yourself from damaging UV rays. Remember, sun protection isn't just for beach days — it's a year-round necessity, even on cloudy days, as UV rays can penetrate clouds and windows.

For the general population, regular self-examination of the skin will help you spot any changes early. However, it is highly recommended that you have regular check-ups by a dermatology expert to check the areas you may not be able to see and identify spots that you may not think are suspicious. 

When Should I Get a Skin Exam? 

Regular skin exams are essential for the early detection of skin cancer, which greatly improves treatment outcomes. You should perform self-examinations monthly, checking your entire body for any new or changing moles, spots, or lesions. Be sure to use a mirror to see hard-to-reach areas or ask a partner for help. 

As for professional skin checks, most experts recommend an annual full-body exam by an expert in dermatology. However, if you have risk factors such as a history of skin cancer, a family history of melanoma, many moles, or fair skin, you might need more frequent check-ups. Additionally, if you notice any suspicious changes during your self-exams — like a mole that's changing color, size, or shape or a sore that doesn't heal — don't wait for your annual appointment. 

Where to Find the Best Skin Cancer Screening in Bend, OR

Snow Dermatology is the premier choice for skin cancer screening in Bend, OR. Our clinic combines a warm, welcoming environment with cutting-edge technology to provide you with the most comprehensive skin cancer screenings available. Our team of top-rated skin experts in Central Oregon brings years of experience and specialized knowledge to every examination, ensuring that no potential issue goes unnoticed. We also utilize advanced imaging technology that allows for detailed analysis of suspicious moles or lesions, providing early detection capabilities that can be life-saving. 

At Snow Dermatology, we understand that skin check-ups can be anxiety-inducing, which is why we prioritize creating a comfortable and supportive atmosphere for all our patients. From the moment you step into our clinic, you'll experience the difference that comes with choosing the best dermatological care. 

Ready for thorough, professional, and compassionate skin cancer screenings that prioritize your health and peace of mind?